Development of PRISMA 2020 for systematic literature review and meta-analysis

Nohman Khan,

Managing Editor, info@theapra.org

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, issued in 2009, was created to assist systematic reviewers in publicly reporting why the review was conducted what the authors did what they discovered. Advances in systematic review methods and terminology have demanded an update to the guideline during the last decade. The PRISMA 2020 statement supersedes the 2009 statement and contains revised reporting recommendations that consider advancements in identifying, selecting, evaluating, and synthesizing research. The items' structure and display have been changed to make implementation easier.

This is not the first-time corrections were made in the PRISMA statement after 2009. For example, technological advancements have enabled natural language processing and machine learning to identify relevant evidence, synthesize and present findings when meta-analysis is not possible or appropriate, and new methods to assess the risk of bias in included studies' results have been developed.  Evidence of bias in systematic reviews has accumulated, resulting in new techniques to assess systematic review conduct.  The terminology used to characterize specific review procedures has also altered, such as the transition from judging "quality" to assessing "certainty" in the body of evidence.

PRISMA 2020 was established with systematic reviews of studies that evaluate the impact of health interventions in mind, regardless of research type. The checklist items, on the other hand, may be found in reports of systematic reviews evaluating various therapies (such as social or educational interventions), and many of them can also be found in systematic reviews with aims other than evaluating interventions (such as evaluating aetiology, prevalence, or prognosis). PRISMA 2020 is intended for use in systematic reviews that include or exclude synthesis (for example, paired meta-analysis or other statistical synthesis methodologies). Mixed-methods systematic reviews (including quantitative and qualitative research) can use the PRISMA 2020 features, but the reporting criteria for presenting and synthesizing qualitative data should be evaluated. PRISMA 2020 may be used to conduct original systematic reviews, amended systematic reviews, and continually updated ("living") systematic reviews.

Published: 2022-02-28

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